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After the caliph Umar bin Abdil Aziz cleaned his hands after attending the funeral of his uncle's son, Caliph Sulaiman bin Abdul Malik, he held a large-scale turn of the governors and officials. Among the new officials inaugurated were as-Samah bin Malik al-Khaulani who was responsible for all of Andalusia (now Spain and Portugal ed.) And several cities he had conquered in France.
This new governor immediately occupied his place of service in Spain. Then observe the situation and look for good friends who can help him. The first time he asked was, "Is there still a generation of senior tabi'in here?" The people answered, "Still, here there is still a main tabi'in named Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi." Then they praised tabi knowledge and expertise 'in this about the traditions of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, his role in jihad, his longing for syahadah fi sabillah and zuhud for the pleasures of the world. He also studied with his main friend, Abdullah bin Umar bin Khathth whose knowledge and behavior were very similar to his father.
Governor as-Samah bin Malik immediately invited Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi. The arrival of the character Tabi'in was greeted with respect, then the two of them sat side by side finally surrendering after four weeks of defending in a terrible battle that had never been witnessed by Europe.
The next target is Toulouse, the capital of Octania. Without wasting time, Islamic forces immediately installed a kind of mines in various places, then began attacks with unknown weapons in Europe. Almost this city surrendered, except that an unexpected event occurred. Let's follow how a French orientalist named Rhino described the great war:
The glory on the part of the Islamic forces is at the door. At that time, King Octania left for Europe to look for reinforcements. He spread messengers throughout the country. He provoked the kings of Europe by warning of the dangers of Islamic expansion which would spread to their territory as well. So that women and their children are prisoners. The result, not a single country but sent troops in particular complete with weapons that became their mainstay.
The number of troops was so large, the roar of the voices of the soldiers and the complete weapons of war had never been seen by the world before that. Until the flying dust covers the city of Rhone from the sun, because of the many feet that step on it.
When the two camps were facing each other, people imagined that the mountain was facing a mountain. A fierce war is inevitable. as-Samah bin Malik was always at the front line. He was nicknamed Dzaama, moving swiftly to the right and left wing tirelessly. That's when the arrow slid about him. So the mighty supreme commander fell and was martyred.
As soon as he learned that the commander was dead, shake the Islamic forces. Fall down in their mental struggle, then the ranks start to mess. They moved backwards and it was almost certain that European forces had succeeded in destroying them if at that critical moment did not appear the smart and formidable figure that had been respected by Europeans, namely Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi.
Under the command of the new commander, the Islamic forces moved backwards without suffering much loss. They moved to Spain with determination to make up for their defeat.
Thus, the great war of Toulouse gave birth to an agile new commander and managed to save the Islamic army from the emergence of many victims. If the troops are like caravans that almost die of thirst in the middle of the Sahara, then Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi is the one who presents them with drinks. He became the foundation of the Muslim soldiers to restore strength and guide them away from the many fallen victims.
It is no exaggeration if the battle of Toulouse incised the first wound that was very painful for the Islamic forces since setting foot on the European continent. The presence of Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi was the antidote to the wound and with his loving hand he cared for them with all his attention.
The news of the defeat of the Islamic forces finally reached the ears of the Caliph in Damascus and fostered a burning determination to avenge the fall of as-Samah bin Malik al-Khaulani. He ordered that all soldiers carry out bai'at to Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi. Now he is appointed as the leader of all Spain and the regions of France that have been successfully controlled. With this position he gained autonomy to regulate the strategy he wanted.
The decision was not a ridiculous act, because Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi was indeed an agile, assertive, honest, clean, wise and brave.
New leader Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi is not wasting time. He immediately restored the Islamic forces, forged the determination of the soldiers, restored their confidence, honor and strength. All aimed at continuing the obsession of Spanish Muslim figures since the Age of Moses bin Nushair to as-Samah bin Malik, namely ruling France, Italy, Germany to Constantinople, and making the middle white sea as an ocean of Islam and renaming the Roman sea into the sea of Sham.
It is believed that Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi examined and responded to all the complaints. Acting on those who apply persecution and returning the rights of weak people. He examined the churches that were seized and returned them to the rightful ones, destroying new buildings that were erected from bribes. Then examine the officials one by one and dismiss officials who are proven to be treacherous or deviant. Then replace it with people who can be trusted abilities and morals. Every time he entered an area, he called on his people to pray for the congregation, then gave sermons to pump up the spirit of jihad and arouse their longing for recitation and death.
Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi is not only good at talking. Since taking control of his power, he is also busy preparing various important facilities and infrastructure. Guns were produced, exercises were held, damaged fortresses were fixed and bridges were built. One of the historic bridges that can be witnessed until now is that built in Cordova, the capital of Spain. The bridge crosses a large river that can be used for traffic and keeps the country from the danger of flooding. The bridge is one of the wonders of the world. Its length reaches 800 ba (one ba ’as long as two hands), height 60 ba’, wide 20 ba ’with 18 sluice gates and 19 pillars, until now become the pride of Spanyaol nation.
Every time Abdurrahman visited each region, he did not forget to have a meeting with the leaders of the armed forces and community leaders. He noticed and noted their views and proposals. He listened more to the responses in the meetings than to speak. A similar meeting was held for zhimmi leaders who were bound by an agreement with Muslims. Not infrequently he asked to detail the matters concerning the country and their leaders.
Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi once invited a French-born zhimmi who was bound by an agreement. Among the contents of the conversation are as follows. Abdurrahman asked, "Why is your king, Syarl not come down to help other kings who fight with us?" The Zhimmi replied, "O governor, you have kept our promises. You have the right to trust us and we will answer everything you ask honestly. Surely your great commander, Musa bin Nushair has succeeded in taking control of all of Spain. Then he wanted to cross the Pyrenees mountains that separated Spain from our beautiful country. So the little kings and monks came to our king and said: "What shame will come upon us, O king? We heard about the Muslims and thought they would come from the East, but apparently they emerged from the West and immediately controlled Spain. Even though this country has strong weapons and defense. Now they are beginning to crawl in the mountains that limit Spain to our country. Actually their numbers are small, weapons are few and most do not have war clothes that can protect the body from the swords of swords or stout horses to ride on the battlefield. "
Then the supreme king said, "I have thought this problem deeply and I think for now we do not need to face them directly. They're steel-minded people, like big waves that sweep away all barriers and dump them where they like. In addition, they are people who have a strong aqidah so they don't pay attention to numbers and weapons. They have faith and honesty that are far more valuable than weapons, war clothes or horses. Therefore, it is better for us to let them, the Muslims continue to accumulate wealth and ghanimah, then build houses and buildings and multiply the number of male and female slaves and see, they will surely fight for power. At that time we can conquer them easily without many sacrifices ... "
Shocked Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi, sad to hear the news. He sighed deeply then dispersed the assembly as the prayer times entered.
Two full years Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi prepared himself to meet the great war. He formed army units and ceaselessly burned their jihad. In addition, he also requested assistance from Islamic leaders in Africa to send their soldiers who had the courage of jihad and longed for martyrdom.
After that, he sent Utsman bin Abi Nus'ah amir to the border to occupy the enemy with sporadic attacks while waiting for the core forces led by Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi to arrive on the battlefield.
However, it turned out that the choice of Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi was wrong. Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah is an ambitious but weak man. The distance from the leader opened the opportunity for him to take steps that could raise his name regardless of other issues. He even kidnapped Duke Octania's daughter, Minin, a very beautiful princess. In her, she collected beauty, nobility, young age, and wealth as residents of the palace. No wonder if Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah finally became crazy about him and paid more attention than to a wife. The princess proposed that Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah enter into a peace agreement with Duke Octania accompanied by a guarantee that Minin's father was safe from attacks by Islamic warriors.
That is, when the order of Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi arrived to invade the territory of Duke Octania, a sense of hesitation enveloped Ibn Abi Nus'ah's heart. He did not know what to do, but then he persuaded Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi to cancel his order. He really was unable to betray his promise to his father-in-law before his end.
Not playing furiously Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi was so aware of his case. Through the envoy, he advised Utsman bin Abi Nus'ah. "The agreement that you do without the permission of the leader is invalid, so there is no obligation for Islamic soldiers to obey it. Now carry out my orders immediately, attack the enemy right now! "
Ibnu Abi Nus'ah felt hopeless because he failed to soften the attitude of his governor. He immediately sent an envoy to his father's father to tell him what had happened and warned him to be on guard against the Muslim forces.
But unfortunately, the spy Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi who always supervised his movements knew this and reported the relationship between Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah and the enemy to Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi. Immediately afterwards, al-Ghafiqi sent a particularly strong force under the command of Mujahid to bring Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah, alive or dead.
The attack is sudden. The operation was almost successful, but Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah managed to escape from siege. He ran to the mountain accompanied by several people, as well as Minin, his beautiful wife who could no longer be separated from him.
That did not make Islamic soldiers broke. They continued to chase and finally managed to corner the traitor somewhere. Finally, Uthman bin Abi Nus'ah defended himself completely. He died because of the many stabs and spears of the sword that wounded his body. His body was immediately sent to Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi with his wife.
As soon as he saw Minin, Abdurrahman al-Ghafiqi immediately turned his face away. The woman is indeed amazing. Then he was sent to Damascus to be handed over to the Caliph. So the history of the French woman was finished in the palace of Umawi in Damascus.
Raja 'bin Hayat (a sincere minister of Umar bin Abdul Aziz) told me, "I was with Umar bin Abdul Aziz when he was ruler of Medina. He sent me to buy clothes for him. Then I bought clothes for five hundred dirhams. When he saw it, he commented, "This is good, but unfortunately it's cheap."
And when he became a caliph, he once sent me to buy clothes for him. Then I bought clothes for him for five dirhams. When he saw the clothes, he commented. ‘This is good, it's just expensive."
Raja 'continues his story, "When I heard these words, I burst into tears. Then Umar asked, "What makes you cry, O King?" I replied, "I remember your clothes a few years ago and your comment about the clothes." Then Umar revealed the secrets of the matter to Raja 'bin Hayat. He said, 'O King'! Really, I have an ambitious soul. If I have managed to realize something, surely I want something on it again. I had the desire to marry my uncle's daughter, Fatimah bint Abdul Malik. I also managed to marry her. Then I want to hold leadership. I also managed to hold power. Then I want to hold the khilafah. I also managed to become a caliph. And now, O King ', I want to get heaven, so I hope to be an expert on heaven. "
Umar bin Abdul Aziz heard the news that one of his sons made a ring and put on a ring of stones worth a thousand dirhams. Then he wrote a letter to his son, "I heard that you bought a ring stone for your ring for a thousand dirhams. Therefore, sell and use the money to make a thousand people hungry. Make an iron ring and write on it, "May God bless those who realize their own position."
Yazid bin Harun said, "I have never heard of someone who is more intelligent than Imam Abu Hanifah. I have seen him one day sitting in the hot sun near someone's door. Then I asked him, "O Abu Hanifah! Shouldn't you move to the shade? "
He replied, "The owner of this house has a debt to me several dirhams. So, I don't like sitting in the shade of his yard. "
What attitude is more prevalent than this attitude? In another narration it is stated that he was asked why he was reluctant to stay in the shade, then Abu Abu Hanifa said to me. "The owner of this house has something. So, I do not like to take shelter in the shade of the walls, so that it becomes a reward for benefits. "I do not think that this is obligatory for everyone, but the pious person must apply knowledge for himself more than he teaches others .
As with Imam Abu Hanifah radhiyallahu ‘anhu had left eating goat meat for seven years when a goat belonging to baitul mal in Kufah disappeared so he was sure the goat had died. Because, he asked how long did the goat last? It was said to him, "Seven years." So he left eating goat meat for 7 years because to be careful because it was possible that the unclean goat was still alive. So, it could happen that he ate some of the goats which meant menzhalimi his heart. Even though it is actually innocent because it does not know that object is unlawful.
He is Sa'id bin Jubair, heir to the science of Abdullah bin Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu and Abdullah bin Umar radhiyallahu‘ anhu. One of the most pious in tabi'in circles. He was accompanied by Abdurrahman bin al-Ash'ats when fighting the government of the Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan because he was arbitrary and outrageous in committing murder. When Ibnul Asyats was defeated in the war of Dairul Jamajim and was killed, Sa'id was captured in Mecca. The Governor of Mecca who was then held by Khalid bin Abdullah al-Qasri who arrested him.
He was taken before Hajjaj bin Yusuf ats-Tsaqafi.
Then Hajjaj asked him, "What's your name?"
He replied, "Sa'id bin Jubair."
Hajjaj said, "No, you are Shaykh bin Kusair."
He responded, "My mother knows my name better than you."
Hajjaj added, "Woe to your mother and you too."
He replied, "Who knows the unseen thing is not you."
Hajjaj said, "Really, I will replace your world with a blazing fire."
He said, "If I knew that, surely I would make you God."
Hajjaj said, "What do you think about Muhammad?"
He replied, "He is a Prophet who brings compassion and leads him to those who receive guidance."
Hajjaj continued, "What do you think about Ali? Is he in heaven or in hell? "
He replied, "If you have entered hell and you know who is in it, you must know the inhabitants of hell." Hajjaj asked again, "What do you think about the caliphs?"
He replied, "I am not the person responsible for them." Hajjaj continued, "Which of them do you like the most?"
He replied, "The person most loved by my Creator."
Hajjaj asked, "Who is the person most loved by the Creator?"
He replied, "Knowledge about this is on the side of the One who knows the secrets and whispers of them."
Hajjaj said, "I want you to be honest with me."
He replied, "If I don't answer your question, then I'm not lying to you. '
Hajjaj said, "Why aren't you laughing?"
He replied, "How can you laugh a creature created from the ground while the ground can be engulfed in fire."
Hajjaj said, "What about us who can laugh?"
He replied, "Because the human heart is not the same."
Hajjaj wants to persuade Sa'id with the beauty and play of the world. Then he ordered that pearls, emeralds and gems be brought. All these objects were collected before him.
Sa'id said to Hajjaj, "If you gather all this so that you are protected from fear on the Day of Judgment, then it is good. If this is not the case, then this will become a terror where all women who breastfeed their children will be negligent towards their breastfed children. There is not the slightest good in something that is gathered only for the world except good treasures and zakah. "
Then Hajjaj told him to take a stringed instrument and a flute. When the harp was played and the flute was blown, Said cried, then Hajjaj asked, "What makes you cry? Is this music game? "
Said replied, "What makes me cry is sadness. The blow reminded me of a great day, namely the day the trumpet was blown. While the harp comes from a tree cut down without rights, the string of strings comes from goat skin which will be raised with him on the Day of Judgment. "
Then Hajjaj said, "Woe to you, Sa'id!"
He said, "There is no harm to people who are kept away from hell and put into heaven."
Then Hajjaj said, "Choose Sa'id!" (Meaning, choose what way I kill you).
He replied, "It's up to you, O Hajjaj! For God's sake, You will not kill me but Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala will surely kill you in the same way in the hereafter. "
Hajjaj said, "Do you want me to forgive?"
He replied, "Surely forgiveness is from Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, while you have no right to free and forgive."
Hajjaj said to his soldiers, "Bring him away, then kill him." When Said was taken out, he laughed. Then Hajjaj was told about this, then Sa'id was brought back again.
Hajjaj asked, "What makes you laugh?"
He replied, "I am amazed at your impudence towards Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala and His patience with you."
Hajjaj said, "Kill him!"
Then you've said:
"Indeed, I confront myself with Rabb who created the heavens and the earth, by tending to the true religion, and I am not among the idolaters." (QS. Al-An'am: 79)
Hajjaj said, "Face his face in addition to the Qibla direction." Then Sa'id said:
"From that earth (the land) We made you and to him We will return you and from it We will expel you to another time." (QS. Thaahaa: 55)
Hajjaj said, "Slaughter him!"
Said said, "In fact, I testify that there is no true God but the One God. There is no ally for him. And I testify that Muhammad sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam was His servant and His apostle. Take it from me until you meet me on the day of Kimat. "
Then Sa'id prayed, "O Allah! Thou shalt not give him the opportunity to kill anyone after me. "
Sa'id was killed in the month of Sya'ban in 96 H. After that Hajjaj died in the month of Ramadan that same year. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala did not give him the opportunity to kill anyone after Sa'id until he died.
When Sa'id was slaughtered, it turned out that his blood flowed very much. Then Hajjaj called the doctors. He asked them about Said and the people he had killed before. Indeed, people who were killed before Sa'id, their blood flowing was only a little. Then the doctors replied, "When Sa'id was killed, his breath was still with him. The blood follows the breath. Whereas aside from Sa'id, it turns out that his breath has disappeared due to fear. That's why there is only a little blood flowing. "
When Hasan al-Basri learned that Hajjaj had killed Sa'id bin Jubair by slaughtering, he prayed, "O Allah! Destroy the wicked who are outrageous. For God's sake, if all that is between heaven and earth work together to kill Sa'id. Surely Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala will throw them all into hell. "
When Hajjaj approached his death, he experienced fainting and then regained consciousness and said, "What happened to me and Sa'id bin Jubair?" When he was sick, he had dreamed of seeing Sa'id holding the end of his clothes and said to him, " O enemy of God! In what order did you kill me? "Then he woke up in a state of fear. He said, "What happened to me and Sa'id bin Jubair?" After Hajjaj died he was dreamed of in sleep, then asked him, "What did Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala do to you?" He replied, "He kill me for every person I kill. And He killed me as much as 70 times because I killed Sa'id bin Jubair. "
Sa'id bin Jubair was one of the most memorized Al-Karim Qur'an and was very familiar with interpretations as he was the one who knew the most hadith, halal, and haram. Wafa 'bin Iyas said, "Once upon a time Sa'id said to me during the month of Ramadan,‘ Keep on reading the Koran.' Therefore, he did not move from his place before reciting the Koran. Said said about himself, "I read the Qur'an in its entirety in two recitations of the sunnah prayer in the glorious Baitullah."
May God bless him and give him a reward.
This is Syuraih al-Qadhi with his wife. Syuraih was a tabi'in appointed by Umar bin Khattab to be a judge's official in the area of the Islamic Caliphate.
After Syuraih (a tabi'in) married a woman from the Tamim tribe, she said to Sya'bi (a tabi'in), "O Sya'bi married a woman from the Tamim because they were women."
Sya'bi asked, "How is that?"
Shuraih told me, "I passed the village of the children of Tamim. I saw a woman sitting on a mat, in front of her sat a beautiful young woman. I ask for a drink to him. "
The woman said to me, "What drink do you like?"
I replied, "Sober."
The woman said, "Give him milk. I suspect he's a stranger. "
Shuraih said, "After drinking I saw the young woman. I admire him. I asked his mother about the woman. "
The mother replied, "My child."
I asked, "Who?" (Who is his father and how he came from).
The woman replied, "Zaenab binti Hadhir from the children of Hanzhalah."
I asked, "Is he empty or filled?" (Meaning to be married or not).
The woman replied, "Blank."
I asked, "Are you willing to marry me to him?"
The woman replied, "Yes, if you are kufu '(worth it).
I left her to go home to take a nap, but I couldn't sleep. After praying, I invited a number of my brothers from among respectable people. I pray ashar with them. Apparently his uncle was waiting.
His uncle asked, "O Abu Umayyah, what is your need?"
I explained my wishes, then she married me. People congratulate me, then the program is over. Once I got home I immediately regretted it. I said to myself, "I have married the most violent and violent Arab family." I remember the women of the Tamimites and they were hard-hearted.
I intend to divorce him, then I change my mind. Don't be accused first, if it's good. If not, then it will be done.
How many days after that the women of Tamim came to deliver it to me. When he was seated at home, I said to him, "My wife, including the sunnah, if a man is united with his wife to pray two rak'ahs and so is he."
I stand in prayer, then I look back, it turns out he is also praying. After the prayer, the servants prepared my clothes and put on a robe dipped in za'faran oil.
When the house is quiet, I approach it. I reached out to him. He said, "Stay where you are."
I said to myself, "A calamity has come upon me." I praise God and recite the prayer to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.
He said, "I am an Arab woman. For the sake of Allah, I did not step except for things which Allah favored. And you are a strange man, I don't know the morals of your personality. Say what you like, so I can do it. Say what you hate, so I can get away from it. "
I said to him, "I like this and this (I call words, deeds, and foods that I like) and also hate this and this."
He asked, "Explain to me about your relatives. Do you want them to visit you? "
I replied, "I am a judge. I don't want them to saturate me. "
I went through a night full of pleasure. I stayed with him for three days. Then I went to the court assembly (started working again). There was no day that I passed without goodness from him.
One year later (after our marriage), when I returned home, I saw an old woman who ruled and banned, it turned out that it was my mother-in-law.
I said to my mother-in-law, "Welcome."
Mother-in-law said, "O Abu Umayyah, how are you?"
I replied, "Fine, thank God."
Mother-in-law asked, "How is your wife?"
I replied, "The best woman and pleasant friend. Mother has educated her well and taught her character well to her. "
Mother-in-law said, "A woman is not seen in a situation where her behavior is the worst except in two circumstances. If she has obtained a place beside her husband and if she has given birth to a child. If you see something that makes you angry from him, then beat (with a guiding punch, not imprint). Because men don't get bad at their homes except for stupid and spoiled women. "
Shuraih said, "Once a year my mother-in-law arrives, she comes home after asking me, mu What do you think if your relatives want to visit you?" I answered, "Whatever they like."
Twenty years I was with him. I never hurt her or was angry with her.
Lessons from the story:
A man must be religious and firm in religion.
A man must get married quickly if his heart has loved a woman, because it is feared he will be slandered.
Choosing a woman as a wife and researching her family before marriage.
Put your trust in God, not afraid to face the future and optimistic about the success of marriage.
Use the means of dialogue and gentle attitudes towards the wife, especially at the beginning of marriage to realize mutual love between husband and wife and eliminate the fear of a girl.
Husbands and wives should pay attention to their appearance, so that their love will remain lasting and both will be protected from things that are forbidden to tempt the eyes and heart.
Important matter: A woman must have clear reason, because it helps understanding and balancing her husband in everything that is in accordance with his moral character.
Husbands and wives should understand each other since the life of husband and wife began. Because it can create peace, tranquility, avoid problems and disputes. And that can be achieved if the husband explains to his wife about:
Bad qualities that a wife does not want to have.
Behaviors that are not liked by women in general, so that the wife avoid them as much as possible.
Anyone from his friends can relate to him, whether from family, neighbors or friends. Husband has full rights in determining who may enter his house and who is visited by his wife or related to him.
The wife should try to cook her husband's favorite food and stay away from what she doesn't like. Wear the color that he likes and stay away from what he hates. Because the wife is dressed for her husband and that includes dressing a woman for her husband.
Wives should pay attention to the husband's speech as well as possible. That will help him understand and understand his intentions so that he can fulfill his orders properly.
The obligation of the wife to obey the husband in each of his orders, without denying, as long as the husband does not order him to intercede with Allah's commands Tabaraka wa Ta'ala and His Messenger sallallaah aih alaihi wa sallam.
The wife's family has a position and respect from the husband's side. It's just that this is not an excuse that allows them to visit their child without their permission and pleasure. Therefore, the wife should know the extent of the husband's willingness to receive a visit from one of his family in her husband's house. The case does not require questions, intelligent people can understand, even if they are not forthright. Because some wives are angry if their husbands expressly express their objections to the entry of one of their families. The husband came home to find peace in his house, he harbored this because he was afraid of his wife's anger. Husband is silent, but he is depressed. This clearly affected the harmony of husband and wife relations and was the cause of the dispute between the two of them after visiting relatives.
A pious mother and a successful educator woman, her influence left an impression on her daughter. A mother tries to make her daughter's household lasting and successful. Because it includes an important obligation after the child moves to her husband's house, the mother does not participate in her daughter's household except in an emergency and in order to achieve the goodness of the husband-wife relationship. In this case, the mother must avoid feelings that are not appropriate in every dispute she hears from the marriage of her child.
The threat of hitting is not automatically used in improving husband and wife relations.
A woman who graduates from home who educates her well with noble values and understandings can help build a healthy and peaceful home life.
If a husband and wife behave as described, surely both of them will enjoy the happiness of a happy household. The wife does not see things that pollute her happiness. Husband is happy with his wife who is pious and can make him happy.
Husbands should not indulge their wives and seek out excesses. Because if a woman sees her position and position on the side of her husband so spoiled, surely she will be proud and arrogant, and maybe make her ignored the words of a husband who is angry at him for his mistakes. Husbands should be able to arrange their feelings to their wives well.
A happy husband at home will also succeed in his work.
This is a guideline that must be understood and understood well by a woman, as a light in her life. Devote well to your husband, surely you are happy and get a husband who is happy and successful in his work.
The following is the advice of al-Hasan al-Basri to Umar bin Abdul Aziz, one of the pious caliphs of the Umayyads. Al-Hasan advised him about the nature of the world, because it could be someone who is pious even when he holds the highest authority and he needs advice that reminds him. Moreover, the position held by Umar was a very large position, because he was one of the kings who held the largest area in the world. The temptation, ambition, slander of the world, and the desire to enjoy it can appear at that time.
Al-Hasan al-Basri wrote a letter to Umar bin Abdul Aziz, the contents of the letter explaining the nature of the world. The text of the letter is as follows:
Amma ba'du ... O Amirul Mukminin, actually the world is a stopover house and the displacement is not a permanent residence.
Adam was revealed to the world from heaven as a punishment for it, so be careful. Indeed, those who desire the world will abandon it, the rich people in the world are poor people (compared to the hereafter), happy people of the world are people who are not excessive in it. If someone who is intelligent again cleverly observes it, then he sees him humiliating the one who glorifies him, scatters those who gather him. The world is like poison, whoever does not know it will eat it, whoever does not know it will be ambitious to him, even though, for God's sake it is the place of destruction.
O Amirul Mukminin, be like someone who is treating his wound, he endures a moment of pain because he does not want to endure long suffering. Patience over world suffering is lighter than taking the test. Smart people are people who are careful of the temptations of the world. The world is like a bride, spies look at her, hearts are entangled with her, to her, for the sake of the One who sent Muhammad with the truth, is the murderer for who marries her.
O Amir al-mu'minin, be careful of the traps of destruction, watch out for the ugliness. Its prosperity continues with misery and suffering, permanence leads to destruction and mortality. Know O Amir al-mu'minin, that his imagination is false, his hopes are vanity, his clarity is murky, his life is suffering, the people who leave him are people who are guided by Taufik, and those who hold on to him are wretched lago drowning. The smarter clever people are those who are afraid of what Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala has created to cause fear, be aware of what Allah has warned, run away from mortal homes to eternal homes, this belief will be felt when death approaches.
The world O Amirul Mukminin, is a house of punishment, who does not have the intelligence to collect for him, who is not knowledgeable about him will be fooled, while a person who is more intelligent is a person who lives in the world like a person who treats his pain hoping for recovery, he is afraid of the bad consequences of the afterlife.
World O Amir al-mu'minin, for Allah's sake only dreams, while Hereafter is real, between them is death. The servants are in a dream that wears away, verily I say unto you O Amir al-mu'minin what a wise man says,
‘If you are safe, then you will survive the great riots. If not, then I don't think you will be safe. '
When the letter of al-Hasan al-Basri arrived at the hands of Umar bin Abdul Aziz, he cried heartily so that the people around him felt sorry for him. Umar said, "May Allah bless al-Hasan al-Basri, he continues to wake us from sleep and remind us of negligence. It's really amazing, he is a loving man towards us (leader), he is so sincere to us. He is a counselor who is very honest and very fluent in his language. "
Umar bin Abdul Aziz replied to Surat al-Hasan by saying:
"Your valuable advice has come to me, I treat myself with that advice. You explain the world with its essential qualities, smart people are people who are always careful of the world, as if the people who have been determined to die are dead. Wassalamu'alaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh. "
When Umar's reply arrived at al-Hasan's hand, he said, "Amir al-mu'minin is truly amazing, a man who speaks the truth and receives advice. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala has glorified his blessings with his leadership, blessed the people with their power, making them mercy and blessings.
Al-Hasan al-Basri wrote a little more message to Umar bin Abdul Aziz by saying:
"Amma ba'du, actually great fear and the case sought are in front of you, and you will surely witness it, congratulations or wounds." (Az-Zuhd, al-Hasan al-Bashri, p.169).
Among the virtues of Sulaimana bin Abdul Malik is that he is pleased to receive advice from a fiqh expert, Raja 'bin Haiwah al-Kindi, who proposed when Sulaiman was sick and eventually died, to appoint Umar bin Abdul Aziz as his successor. Finally, Sulaiman established a will which did not give any gap to the devil at all (Ashr ad-Daulatain al-Umawiyah wa al-Abbasiyah, p. 37). Ibn Sirin said, "May Allah bless Sulaiman, he began his Caliphate by reviving prayer and ending it by appointing Umar bin Abdul Aziz as his successor."
The Caliph of Solomon died in 99H, Umar bin Abdul Aziz pronounced his body, written in his stamp, "I have faith in Allah with sincerity." (Siyar A'lam Nubala, 5: 11-12).
There are several histories about the appointment of Umar bin Abdul Aziz as caliph. Among these narrations are those narrated by Ibn Sa'ad in the Thabaqat of Suhail bin Abu Suhail, he said, I heard King 'bin Haiwah said, "On Friday, Sulaiman bin Abdul Malik wore a green shirt from wool , he reflected and said, 'I am the young king'. Then he went out to perform Friday prayers with the people, he immediately got sick when he returned home, when he got sick he wrote a will for his son Ayyub. Ayyub is an immature child, I said to him, yang What did you do O Amir al-mu'minin? Among the kindness of someone who flows to his grave is that he raises pious people afterward. ' Solomon said, ini This will, I am still berarahharah to Allah, still considering, and have not decided with certainty. '
One or two days after that Solomon burned the letter, then he invited me. He asked, 'What do you think about Dawud bin Sulaiman?' I replied, 'He is in Constantinople, you yourself do not know he is alive or dead'. Sulaiman asked, 'Who do you think is O King'? 'I replied,' It is up to you O Amir al-mu'minin '. I said so because I was still considering myself. Sulaiman said, mu What do you think Umar bin Abdul Aziz? ’I replied, Allah For God's sake, I know that he is the main man, the Muslim choice’. Solomon said, 'Yes, he is the person, but if I appoint him and do not appoint any of the sons of Abdul Malik, then it can trigger division, they will not let him lead forever, unless I appoint someone from them after Umar . I will appoint Yazid bin Abdul Malik after Umar. - At that time Yazid was not in place, he became Amirul Haj - That would make Abdul Malik's children calm and accepting. ' I said, 'It's up to you.'
Sulaiman bin Abdul Malik wrote his hand letter, ‘In the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, Most Merciful. This is the will of Sulaiman bin Abdul Malik, Amir al-mu'minin, to Umar bin Abdul Aziz. Indeed, I gave the Caliphate to him after me and afterwards to Yazid bin Abdul Malik, listen and obey, fear Allah, do not quarrel, because your enemies will hope to defeat you. ' Then Solomon stamped the letter.
Sulaiman then asked Ka'ab bin Hamid, head of the caliph's guards, to gather his family. Ka'ab implement and collect them. After they gathered, Solomon said to Raja ', bring my will to them, tell them that this is my will, ask them to pledge to the person I'm pointing to.' The King carried it out, when the King delivered this, they said, 'We listen and obey who is listed in it'. They said, kami Can we meet Amir al-mu'minin to say hello? 'Raja' answered, 'Please.' They entered, Solomon said to them, 'That is my will, -Sulaiman refers to the letter in the King's hand' and they see the letter- That is my last message, listen, obey and obey the person I mentioned by name in the will ' Raja 'said,' Then they pledged one by one '. Then Raja 'brings the stamped letter out'. "
The king said, "When they left that place, Umar came to me, he said, 'O Abu al-Miqdam, indeed Solomon is very respectful and affectionate to me, he is gentle and kind, I am afraid he will hand over some of these things to me ask you in the name of Allah then with honor and love, so that you tell me if the case is so, so that I can resign at this time before the coming of a situation where I am unable to change it again '. Raja 'replied,' Not for the sake of Allah, I will not preach one letter to you '. So Umar left irritably. "
Raja 'said, "Hisham bin Abdul Malik met me and said," Surely between myself and yourself there is a good relationship and long love, I also know thank you, tell me am I the person mentioned in the letter? If I am the person, then I know. If someone else, then I will speak, someone like me is not worthy of being underestimated, this kind of thing is not worthy of being kept away from someone like me, tell me. I promise that God's name to you will not mention your name forever '. "
Raja 'said, "I refused Hisham's request, I said," Not for Allah's sake, I will not open a single letter to you from what Sulaiman has kept secret to me.' Hisham left while clapping one hand in the other, he said, ‘To whom was this case handed over if not to me, were we considered not the son of Abdul Malik? For God's sake, actually I am the real Bani Abdul Malik's son. '
The king said, "I met Sulayman bin Abdul Malik, it turned out he was dead, but I still found moments of his death sacred, every time he faced him, then I faced him towards the Qibla, Solomon said with a hiccup, 'O king' , the time hasn't come yet. ' Until I repeated it twice, at the third time Solomon said, 'Now O King', if you want something, then I testify that there is no worship other than Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and messenger '. "
Raja 'said, "So I confronted him in the direction of Qibla, and Solomon died. I closed his eyes, I covered him with a green cloth, I closed the door, his wife sent an envoy to ask permission to see the situation, I said to him, 'He has slept and is covered in blankets'. The envoy had seen Solomon clothed with cloth, he went home to tell his wife, his wife was calm because he thought that Solomon was sleeping. "
Raja 'said, "I asked someone I trusted to stand at the door, I told him not to leave until I myself came to him and did not allow anyone to enter to meet the caliph. Then I called Ka'ab bin Hamid al-Ansi, I asked him to gather the Amir al-mu'minin family, they gathered at the Dabiq mosque, I said to them, 'Bless you'. They answered, "We have taken a pledge, now pledge allegiance again?" One by one they pledged for the second time. "
Raja 'said, "When they were willing to pledge allegiance for the second time, then I was sure that I had arranged this business as well as possible, I said," See the Caliph Sulaiman, because he has died'. They said, 'Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun'. Then I read the contents of Solomon's will, when I mentioned the name Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Hisham said, "We will not pledge allegiance forever." Raja ’said,‘ By Allah, I will cut off your neck, stand up and pledge allegiance '. Then Hisham stood up by "dragging" his legs.
The King continued, "I held the shoulder of Umar bin Abdul Aziz, I sat him on the pulpit, while Umar bin Abdul Aziz said," Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun. " He regretted what he got. While Hisham also said the same words because he was not appointed by Sulaiman bin Abdul Malik as his successor. Hisham met Umar bin Abdul Aziz, he said, 'Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun'. Because the Caliphate had changed hands from Abdul Malik's children to Umar bin Abdul Aziz. So Umar answered, 'Yes, Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun'. Because the case came to his hand even though he didn't like it. "(Tabari, 7: 445).
Abu al-Hasan an-Nadawi said about the King's attitude, "Raja" has done a great service that Islam will not forget. I do not know a man among the king's friends and people, who can benefit (with closeness and position) like the benefits given by the King. (Rijal al-Fikr wa ad-Da'wah, 1: 40).
Umar climbed the pulpit, and in the first face-to-face meeting with the people, he said, "The congregation, in fact I have been tested with this case, without being asked for opinion, never questioned and there was no discussion with the Muslims. I have canceled the allegiance for me, now choose someone to lead you. "People simultaneously replied," O Amirul Mukminin, we have chosen you, we accept you, please lead us with kindness and blessing. "
At that time Umar felt that he could not escape the responsibility of the Caliph, so Umar added his words to explain his policies in organizing Muslims (Umar bin Abdul Aziz wa Siyasatuhu fi Radd al-Mazhalim, p. 102), "Amma ba'du, there are no more prophets after your prophet, no book other than the book was revealed to him. Know that what Allah forbids is lawful until the Day of Judgment. I am not a judge, I am only an executor, and I am not a doer but I am a follower of the Sunnah. There is no right for anyone to obey in disobedience. Know it I'm not the best person among you, I'm just a man part of you, only Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala gives me a heavier burden than you.
Muslims, who approached me, should approach with five cases, if not, then do not approach: First, complain about the intention of people who are not able to complain, secondly, help me in kindness as far as his ability, third, show the way to me as I am prosecuted to walk the road, fourth, do not make fun of the people, and fifth, do not deny me in matters that are not his business.
I intend to you that you fear Allah, because piety to Allah has a good effect on everything, and there is no good if there is no fear. Bless for your afterlife, for those who do good deeds for the Hereafter, surely Allah will provide for his world. Repair (guard) the secret (which is in you), may Allah correct what is seen from your (deeds). Expand remembering death, prepare well before death approaches you, because death is a destroyer of pleasure. Surely this people do not disagree about their Lord, not about the Prophet, not about the Book, but this people are at odds because of the dinars and dirhams. Indeed, I, for the sake of Allah, will not give a vanity to someone and will not hinder someone's right. "
Then Umar raised his voice so that people would hear, "The congregation, whoever obeys Allah, is obliged to obey and whoever disobeys Allah, it is not obligatory to obey him in this matter. Obey me as long as I (command to) obey God, but if (my command) disobey Him, then you must not obey it ... "then Umar came down from the pulpit.
Such was the procession of the appointment of Umar bin Abdul Aziz to become the caliph of the Muslim community, one of the caliphs of the Umawi State. He was appointed on Friday, 11 Shafar 99 H (al-Bidayah wa an-Nihayah, 12: 667).
